• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL2014034A
    申请号:NL2014034
    申请日:2014-12-22
    公开日:2015-06-26
    发明作者:Ulvi Kerestecioglu；Werner Mayer
    申请人:Linde Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Title: Method of operating a gas scrub and gas scrub
    The invention relates to a method of shutting down at least part of a gas scrub which comprises an absorber and a regeneration part and in which in normal operation a scrubbing medium is circulated in a scrubbing medium circuit and thus laden in the absorber at elevated pressure with substances removed from a gas mixture which are removed from the laden scrubbing medium again in the regeneration part, wherein scrubbing medium is removed from the scrubbing medium circuit, transferred into a storage tank and stored there at atmospheric pressure.
    The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.
    Gas scrubs have been used for many years for the industrial scale fractionation of gas mixtures. A gas scrub is a continuous process wherein the gas mixture to be fractionated is, in this case, contacted with a scrubbing medium at elevated pressure in an absorber, said scrubbing medium dissolving the different, components of the gas mixture to varying extents, so that the gas stream exiting the absorber has been freed of one or more of its original constituents at least to an extent. The scrubbing medium laden with the components removed from the gas mixture is drawn off from the absorber and supplied to a regeneration part in order to regenerate it again by removing the gas components before it is once again recycled into the absorber and used for gas scrubs. The scrubbing medium thus circulates in a scrubbing medium circuit during normal operation of the gas scrub.
    Examples of such gas scrubs include methanol and amine scrubs used in industry to remove acidic gases from crude synthesis gases to obtain synthesis gases consisting predominantly of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
    In case of planned shutdown of a gas scrub, the feed to the absorber of the gas mixture to be fractionated is interrupted and the scrubbing medium continues to be circulated in the scrubbing medium circuit for a time in order that all of the scrubbing medium is completely regenerated. The scrubbing medium freed of removed gas components is subsequently removed from the scrubbing medium circuit, decompressed to atmospheric pressure and passed into a storage tank from which it may be removed again for further operation of the gas scrub.
    When unplanned shutdown of a gas scrub is necessary, for example due to a malfunction, or only part of a gas scrub is to be deactivated, it is not always possible to completely regenerate the scrubbing medium to be discharged from the scrubbing medium circuit and thus in certain circumstances scrubbing medium laden with removed gas components needs to be passed into the storage tank where the gas components outgas due to the pressure drop. This effect is moreover amplified when the temperature of the scrubbing medium in the storage tank increases, for example due to solar irradiation. Since the outgassing components may be toxic substances, for example hydrogen sulphide or hydrocyanic acid, which may not readily be released to the environment, it is necessary for the storage tank to be connected to a flare which is generally operated at a negative pressure of from 1.5 to 3 bar. A storage tank would thus need to be configured as a pressure vessel in order for it to be operable safely under the conditions described. However due to its large volume which may be several thousand cubic metres in the case of a methanol scrub, economic factors dictate that the storage tank is normally an unpressurized vessel which is why the prior art seeks to suppress outgassing by first introducing unladen scrubbing medium to the storage tank prior to introduction of laden scrubbing medium. However, such a procedure is not always possible, particularly when only part of the gas scrub is to be deactivated.
    It is thus an object of the present invention to specify a method and an apparatus of the type described at the outset which overcomes the prior art disadvantages described.
    In method terms, this object is achieved in accordance with the invention by a method wherein laden scrubbing medium is warmed and intermediately stored at elevated pressure in a degassing vessel in order to remove absorbed substances from the scrubbing medium before it is passed into the storage tank.
    Further embodiments of the method according to the invention provide that • the laden scrubbing medium is warmed before it is introduced into the degassing vessel and,/or is warmed in the degassing vessel. • substances removed from the laden scrubbing medium are drawn off from the degassing vessel and supplied to a flare for disposal.
    The regeneration part of a gas scrub generally comprises what is known as a hot regeneration wherein gaseous components present in the laden scrubbing medium are desorbed at low pressure by warming. When the hot regeneration is unaffected by the shutdown, substances removed from the laden scrubbing medium in the degassing vessel may also be introduced to the hot regeneration to recover any scrubbing media present.
    The material stream supplied to the flare may preferably be subjected to a water scrub downstream of the degassing vessel in order to scrub out and recover residual scrubbing medium before the material stream is disposed of in the flare.
    Further embodiments of the method according to the invention provide that • the scrubbing medium treated in the degassing vessel is cooled down while being passed to the storage tank. • the scrubbing medium is methanol or an amine solution which is laden with acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen sulphide during gas scrubbing. A gas scrub generally comprises a vessel for low point draining, known as a slop drum, which is disposed at the lowest point of the plant and which on shutdown of the gas scrub serves to receive residual scrubbing medium draining out of the scrubbing medium circuit merely under gravity once all pumps have been deactivated. A slop drum has a substantially smaller volume than a storage tank but is generally configured as a pressure vessel and connected to the flare. A particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention thus provides that the slop drum of the gas scrub is used as the degassing vessel.
    The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out a gas scrub comprising an absorber end a regeneration part as part of a scrubbing medium circuit in which a scrubbing agent may be circulated and thus laden in the absorber at elevated pressure with substances removed from a gas mixture, said substances being removable from the laden scrubbing medium again in the regeneration part, and further comprising a storage tank hydrodynamically connectable to the scrubbing medium circuit into which tank scrubbing medium from the scrubbing medium circuit may be transferred in order to be stored there at atmospheric pressure.
    In apparatus terms, the stated object is achieved in accordance with the invention by an apparatus comprising a warming apparatus and a degassing vessel configured as a pressure vessel which is hydrodynamically connectable to both the scrubbing medium circuit and the storage tank, so that laden scrubbing medium may be warmed and intermediately stored at elevated pressure in the degassing vessel in order to remove absorbed substances from the scrubbing medium before it is passed into the storage tank.
    Further embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention provide that • the laden scrubbing medium is warmed before it is introduced into the degassing vessel and/or is warmed in the degassing vessel. • the warming means is arranged upstream of and/or inside the degassing vessel. • the degassing vessel is connectable to a flare, so that substances removed from the laden scrubbing medium may be drawn off from the degassing vessel and supplied to a flare for disposal.
    When the regeneration part of the gas scrub comprises a hot regeneration the degassing vessel may alternatively or additionally be connectable to the hot regeneration, so that substances removed from the laden scrubbing medium may be drawn off from the degassing vessel and introduced into the hot regeneration.
    Downstream of the degassing vessel and upstream of the flare there is preferably disposed a scrubbing means configured as a water scrub in which residual scrubbing medium may be scrubbed out of the stream of removed substances.
    Further embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention provide that • upstream of the storage tank and inside and/or downstream of the degassing vessel there is disposed a cooling means preferably operated with water as cooling medium in which scrubbing medium drawn off from the degassing vessel may be cooled down before being introduced into the storage tank. • the degassing vessel is a slop drum. • said apparatus is configured as a methanol or amine scrub in which acidic gases may be scrubbed out of a gas mixture using cryogenic methanol or an amine solution.
    The invention shall be more particularly described hereinafter with reference to a working example shown schematically in Figure 1.
    Figure 1 shows a gas scrub where when said scrub is shut down completely or partially, scrubbing medium may be removed from the scrubbing medium circuit in the laden state and stored at atmospheric pressure in a storage tank.
    In normal operation, gas scrub G comprises a scrubbing medium circulating in a scrubbing medium circuit and scrubbing medium in the unladen state may therefore be introduced into absorber A to fractionate a gas mixture, scrubbing medium 2 laden with removed gas components being drawn off from said absorber A. The laden scrubbing medium is regenerated in regeneration part R to obtain unladen scrubbing medium 1 which is reused in the absorber. In case of complete or partial shutdown of the gas scrub G, scrubbing medium 3 may be drawn off in the laden state from the scrubbing medium circuit and decompressed via throttbng element a to a pressure which is slightly higher than the negative pressure of flare F which is typically operated at a pressure of between 1.5 and 3 bar. The laden scrubbing medium is warmed in heat exchanger E1 before it is introduced via line 4 into depressurization vessel Z which is configured as a pressure vessel and which is preferably the slop drum of gas scrub G. A gas phase 5 composed of substances still dissolved in the laden scrubbing medium 3 is formed here and passed via line 6 to the flare F to be incinerated there, so that an offgas 7 complying with statutory regulations may be released to the environment. The gas phase from the depressurization vessel Z may alternatively be recycled via hne 8 into the hot regeneration (not shown) of the regeneration part R in order to recover any scrubbing medium present in the gas phase. Substantially unladen scrubbing medium is discharged from the degassing vessel Z via line 9, decompressed to atmospheric pressure via the throttling element b and cooled in heat exchanger E2 before it is introduced via hne 10 into storage tank S from which it may be removed again later for normal operation of the gas scrub G.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    A method for shutting down at least a part of a gas washer comprising an absorption vessel and a regeneration part and in which in normal use a detergent is circulated in a detergent circulation and thereby is charged in the absorption vessel with substances removed from a gas mixture at elevated pressure which in the regeneration part are again removed from the loaded detergent, wherein detergent is removed from the detergent circulation, transferred to a storage tank and stored thereon at atmospheric pressure, characterized in that the loaded detergent is heated and, at elevated pressure, in a degassing vessel is stored to remove absorbed substances from the detergent before it is introduced into the storage tank.
    [2]
    A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the loaded detergent is heated prior to the conduction in the degassing vessel and / or in the in the degassing vessel.
    [3]
    Method according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the substances removed from the loaded detergent are withdrawn from the degassing vessel and are fed to a torch and / or a heat generator belonging to the regeneration part of the scrubber.
    [4]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the washing mixture treated in the degassing vessel is cooled during the conduction to the storage tank.
    [5]
    A method according to any of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the substance stream, comprising the substances removed from the laden gas agent, is carried out downstream of the degassing vessel, preferably washed with water to wash out detergent residues before the substance stream in the torch will be removed.
    [6]
    The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the detergent is methanol or an amine solution that is charged with acid gases such as carbon dioxide and / or hydrogen sulfide during gas washing.
    [7]
    Method according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the slurry drum of the gas washer is used as the degassing vessel.
    [8]
    Device for carrying out a gas washing comprising an absorption vessel and a regeneration part as part of a detergent circulation, in which a detergent can be circulated and thereby loaded into the absorption vessel with substances removed from a gas mixture, said substances in the regeneration part can be removed again from the loaded detergent, further comprising a storage tank hydrodynamically connectable to the detergent circulation, into which detergent can be introduced from the detergent circulation to be stored there at atmospheric pressure, characterized in that said device comprises a heating device and a pressure vessel designed as a pressure vessel includes a degassing vessel that is hydrodynamically connectable to both the detergent circulation and the storage tank, so that charged detergent can be temporarily heated and stored at elevated pressure in a degassing vessel to remove absorbed substances from the detergent before it enters the storage agtank is led.
    [9]
    Device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the heating device is placed upstream and / or inside the degassing vessel.
    [10]
    Device as claimed in any of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the degassing vessel can be connected to a torch and / or the regeneration part, so that the substances removed from the loaded detergent can be withdrawn from the degassing vessel and to a torch and / or and heat generator belonging to the regeneration part of the gas washer can be fed.
    [11]
    Device as claimed in any of claims 8 - 10, characterized in that upstream of the storage tank and inside and / or downstream of the degassing vessel a cooling device, preferably working with water as cooling agent, is placed, in which the washing agent taken out of the degassing vessel can be cooled before it is led into the storage tank.
    [12]
    Device according to any of claims 10 to 11, characterized in that a washing device, preferably designed as a water washer, is placed downstream of the degassing vessel and upstream of the torch, in which detergent residues can be washed from the stream of removed substances.
    [13]
    Device as claimed in any of the claims 8-12, characterized in that the degassing vessel is a slop drum.
    [14]
    Device according to any of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that said device is designed as a methanol washer or an amine washer, in which acid gases can be washed from a gas mixture with the aid of cryogenic methanol or an amine solution.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PL410518A1|2015-07-06|
    US20150174521A1|2015-06-25|
    CN104722176A|2015-06-24|
    NL2014034B1|2017-08-25|
    CA2873211A1|2015-06-23|
    DE102013022083A1|2015-06-25|
    引用文献:
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    JPS6159166B2|1983-01-14|1986-12-15|Chiyoda Chem Eng Construct Co|
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    法律状态:
    2018-08-08| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20180101 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102013022083|2013-12-23|
    DE102013022083.1A|DE102013022083A1|2013-12-23|2013-12-23|Method for operating a gas scrubbing and gas scrubbing|
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